Scientists now acknowledge that our planet has entered the Anthropocene—a new geologic era in which humans are the drivers of rapidly changing global and local environmental conditions. The pressures of the Anthropocene threaten the future of humanity: extraction of increasingly limited natural resources; pollution of air and water; loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services; and rapidly increasing human populations. Moreover, climate change—increasing temperatures, greater rainfall variability, and extreme weather events—compound all other pressures.
The majority of these impacts will be felt by urban areas; over 50 percent of people already live in cities, and by 2050, this will be 80 percent. To make sure that future predominately urban societies have the physical, human, social, and natural capital necessary to produce a reasonable quality-of-life despite the pressures of the Anthropocene, we need radical efforts to redesign our worldviews and activities to recognize the biophysical limitations of our planet. Urban forests have the ability to mitigate some of the above pressures on urban societies. Urban forests produce environmental benefits—e.g., carbon sequestration, storm water management, air pollution reduction—and economic benefits—e.g., decreased energy costs—that can lessen the impacts of climate change on cities.
